![]() The incidence varies depending on whether or not the neonatal population is routinely screened, with a higher incidence in the screened population. DDH also has been referred to as congenital hip dysplasia, although this is a misnomer because hip dysplasia may develop after birth. Screening for hip dysplasia is usually reserved for infants with an abnormal clinical examination or for infants with identified risk factors to avoid overtreatment of infants with physiologic laxity.ĭDH describes a spectrum of abnormalities that involve an abnormal relationship of the femoral head to the acetabulum, which includes mild instability, subluxation, and frank dislocation. Sonographic evaluation can be used to define further infants who would benefit from treatment and to follow their progress. Clinical evaluation and identification of risk factors can be used to identify infants at risk for development of hip dysplasia. The purpose of early treatment of abnormal hips is to position the hip so that the femoral head and acetabulum can develop normally, avoiding possible surgery and disability. When the femoral head is subluxed or dislocated for a significant amount of time, the acetabulum becomes increasingly dysplastic, the femoral head becomes deformed, and the supporting ligaments deform. ![]() The normal development of the hip is contingent on the femur having adequate contact with the acetabulum without an abnormal amount of stress. The hip is subject to molding, especially in the first 6 weeks of life. At birth, the hip has a large cartilaginous component, and the femoral head is more shallow in its relationship to the acetabulum.
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